Facet Disease

Description of Facet Disease

The facet joints are the smooth, flat surfaces of the vertebrae that interlock and allow the spine to flex yet still maintain its stability. The facet joints permit gliding movements between the vertebrae. There are two facet joints between each vertebrae located on each side of the vertebrae. Facet disease can occur at any level of the spine, but is most common in the lower back (lumbar) region.

Facet disease is caused by the cartilage in the joints being worn down as a result of wear and tear, aging, injury or misuse. Another cause of facet disease is spondylolithesis, which is when one vertebra, usually in the lumbar spine.

When the facet joints become inflamed due to injury or age the result is stiffness and/or pain. As the facet joints deteriorate, they also might not align properly which can cause pain. Additionally, rubbing on the joints wears out the cartilage and fluid that lubricates them. As a result, bone can rub on bone, which results in painful back problems.

Treatment of Facet Disease

Arthroscopic Laser Facet Debridement

Debridement is the surgical removal of torn, inflamed, damaged or dead tissue. After a small incision is made, a tiny fiber optic camera is used to visualize the exact problem area and a laser is used to vaporize the painful nerves around the affected area. This Procedure usually takes less than 20 minutes and most patients find immediate relief from facet disease pain.